Iceland is famous for its waterfalls, glaciers, volcanoes, and black sand beaches. But some of the country’s most incredible landscapes are hidden far away from the main roads, deep in the Icelandic Highlands.
If you’re looking for an adventure beyond Iceland’s popular tourist attractions, you’ve probably heard about Iceland’s F-roads.
These remote mountain roads lead to colourful mountains, volcanic landscapes, geothermal areas, and some of the most isolated places in Iceland. However, driving on F-roads is very different from driving on Iceland’s Ring Road.
F-roads are often rough, sometimes involve unbridged river crossings, and are generally only accessible during the summer months. You’ll also need a suitable 4×4 vehicle that your rental company specifically allows on these roads.
In this guide, we’ll explain everything you need to know about driving on Iceland’s F-roads, including when they open, what kind of rental car you need, how to prepare, and whether exploring the Highlands is right for you.
What Are F-Roads in Iceland?
F-roads are mountain roads that provide access to Iceland’s remote Highlands and other mountainous areas.
The letter “F” comes from the Icelandic word fjall, meaning mountain. On Icelandic road maps, you’ll see routes identified by an F followed by a number, such as F208 or F35.
Unlike Iceland’s main paved highways, F-roads often feature:
- Rough gravel and rocky surfaces
- Steep hills and uneven terrain
- Limited services and petrol stations
- Unbridged rivers on some routes
- Rapidly changing weather conditions
- Seasonal closures due to snow and unsafe conditions
Some F-roads are relatively straightforward for suitable 4×4 vehicles in good summer conditions, while others are much more challenging and require significant driving experience.
Important: F-roads are designated roads, not off-road driving routes. Driving outside marked roads is illegal in Iceland, even when you’re driving a 4×4.
When Do F-Roads Open in Iceland?
Most F-roads are only open during the summer, usually between June and September. However, there are no guaranteed opening or closing dates.
The exact dates on snowmelt, weather, road damage, and local conditions.
| Month | Typical F-roads accessibility |
| January-May | Most F-roads closed |
| June | Some routes begin opening |
| July | Many routes typically open |
| August | Usually one of the best months |
| September | Some routes remain open, closures become more likely |
| October-December | Most F-roads closed |
These are general seasonal patterns, not confirmed opening dates. Some routes may open later or close earlier, and temporary closures can happen even during summer.
Before travelling, check the official Iceland road conditions and closures and the Icelandic weather forecast.
Never drive past a closed-road sign or barrier, even if the road looks passable.
Do You Need a 4×4 to Drive on Iceland’s F-roads
Yes. A suitable 4×4 vehicle is required for driving on designated F-roads in Iceland.
A regular 2WD rental car is not appropriate for these routes, and rental agreements generally prohibit taking 2WD vehicles onto F-roads.
However, not every 4×4 rental vehicle is automatically approved for F-road driving.
When choosing a rental car, consider its ground clearance, tyres, the difficulty of your planned route, and whether your rental agreement specifically permits the journey.
A small 4×4 SUV might be suitable for some less demanding mountain roads, while rougher routes may require a larger, more capable vehicle.
Choosing an Affordable 4×4 Rental in Iceland
If you’re travelling on a budget, you don’t necessarily need to rent the most expensive SUV available.
A budget-friendly 4×4 rental can be a practical choice for exploring permitted mountain roads during summer, provided the vehicle is suitable for your planned route.
At Firefly Iceland, we offer affordable car rental options, including older, well-maintained vehicles that help keep rental prices lower.
When booking a cheap 4×4 rental in Iceland, always confirm which F-roads the vehicle is allowed to travel on.
Remember that choosing a 4×4 does not mean every mountain road or river crossing is safe or permitted.
Are All F-Roads Difficult to Drive?
No. Iceland’s F-roads vary considerably in difficulty.
Some have relatively manageable gravel surfaces, while others feature large rocks, steep sections, deep ruts, and unbridged rivers.
The difficulty of a route can also change after heavy rain, flooding, or other severe weather.
Even an F-road that was manageable yesterday may be unsafe today.
For travellers unfamiliar with mountain driving, it’s better to choose less demanding routes that are approved for your rental vehicle rather than attempting challenging river crossings.
River Crossings on Iceland’s F-Roads
One of the biggest challenges of driving in the Icelandic Highlands is crossing rivers without bridges.
Certain F-roads, including sections of F88 and F910, feature river crossings that can be extremely dangerous.
Water levels can rise quickly due to rainfall or glacier melt, and a crossing that looks shallow may have a strong current or an uneven riverbed.
River crossings are particularly risky in rental vehicles because water damage is generally excluded from rental car insurance.
Even a capable 4×4 can become stranded or suffer serious engine damage.
If your route includes an unbridged river, the safest choice may be to turn around or take a guided Highland tour instead. Never assume that a river is safe simply because another vehicle has crossed it.
Driving Off-Road in Iceland is Illegal
One of the most important things to understand before visiting Iceland is the difference between F-road driving and off-road driving.
Driving on an officially designated F-road is permitted when the road is open and your vehicle is authorised for that route.
Driving outside established roads, however, is illegal.
This includes driving across:
- Moss-covered lava fields
- Unmarked volcanic landscapes
- Grasslands and other natural terrain
- Areas without designated vehicle routes
Iceland’s natural environment is extremely fragile. Moss and other vegetation can take many years to recover from vehicle damage.
Driving outside marked roads can also result in substantial fines and environmental damage.
Always remain on designated roads and use established parking areas.
Where Can You Go on Iceland’s F-Roads?
The Icelandic Highlands are home to some of the country’s most remarkable landscapes. However, different destinations require driving skills and vehicles.
Here are some places during the summer.
Landmannalaugar: Famous for its colourful rhyolite mountains, geothermal landscapes, and hiking trails. The northern approach via F208 is a popular route, but check conditions and vehicle restrictions. Access to the main parking area can involve a river crossing, which visitors may avoid by parking before it where permitted.
Kerlingarfjöll: A beautiful Highland mountain range known for steaming geothermal valleys and colourful landscapes. Access is via Route 35 and the mountain road leading to Kerlingarfjöll. Confirm vehicle suitability before travelling.
Askja: A remote volcanic caldera in Iceland’s interior. Routes such as F88 and F910 can include demanding river crossings and challenging terrain. A guided Highland tour is often the better option for inexperienced drivers.
Are There Petrol Stations on Iceland’s F-Roads?
Petrol stations are extremely limited in the Icelandic Highlands, and many F-road routes have no fuel services at all.
Before entering the Highlands, fill your tank at the last available petrol station and make sure you have enough fuel for your entire journey, including a possible return trip or detour.
Don’t assume you’ll find somewhere to refuel along the way.
It’s also important to remember that mobile phone coverage can be unreliable in remote mountain areas.
Download offline maps before travelling and let someone know your planned route and expected return time.
How to Prepare for Driving Iceland’s F-Roads
Planning is essential when travelling into the Icelandic Highlands.
Even during the summer, weather conditions can change quickly, and help may be far away.
1. Check Road and Weather Conditions
Before setting off, check the latest information from:
- Umferðin, Official road conditions, closures, and Highland road information.
- Icelandic Met Office, Weather forecasts and warnings.
- SafeTravel Iceland, Travel safety advice and alerts.
Do not rely solely on Google Maps to determine whether an F-road is open.
2. Choose the Right Rental Car
If you’re planning to rent a car in Iceland for a Highland adventure, make sure you book a suitable 4×4 and confirm that the specific route is permitted under your rental agreement.
Choosing a cheap car rental in Iceland can help you save money, but vehicle suitability and safety should always come first.
3. Pack Enough Food and Water
Many Highland routes are far from shops, restaurants, and other services.
Bring enough food and drinking water for your planned trip, plus extra supplies in case you’re delayed.
4. Bring Warm and Waterproof Clothing
Iceland’s Highlands can be cold even in July and August.
Pack waterproof clothing, thermal layers, sturdy footwear, and warm accessories.
5. Plan Your Route Before Leaving
Check the distance, expected driving conditions, fuel requirements, and possible alternative routes.
Avoid planning a journey that depends on crossing a river of uncertain depth.
If you’re inexperienced with Highland driving, consider travelling with an organised tour instead.
Essential Packing List for Iceland’s F-Roads
A well-packed vehicle can make a big difference when travelling through remote areas.
| Category | What to bring |
| Clothing | Waterproof jacket, warm layers, waterproof trousers, gloves, hat, sturdy boots, extra socks |
| Food and water | Drinking water, snacks, packed meals. emergency food |
| Navigation | Offline maps, GPS, physical map |
| Safety | First-aid kit, flashlight, emergency contacts, fully charged phone. |
| Equipment | Power bank, charging cables, sunglasses, sunscreen |
| Travel documents | Driving license, rental agreement, insurance details |
For more remote routes, consider carrying an appropriate emergency communication device, as mobile coverage cannot be guaranteed.
You can also submit your travel plan through SafeTravel Iceland before exploring the Highlands.
Is Rental Car Insurance Valid on F-Roads in Iceland?
Yes, Firefly Iceland’s rental car insurance can apply when driving on F-roads, provided you have a suitable 4×4 rental vehicle that is approved for F-road driving and follow the rental agreement.
However, there are some important insurance exclusions to understand before exploring the Icelandic Highlands.
Even with Firefly Iceland’s MAX / Zero Excess protection package, certain types of damage and expenses are not covered, including:
- Underbody damage: Damage to the underside of the rental vehicle caused by rocks, uneven roads, or other obstacles.
- River crossing and water damage: Damage caused by driving through rivers or water is not covered.
- Off-road driving: Driving outside designated roads is illegal in Iceland, and any resulting damage is excluded from insurance coverage.
- Towing and roadside assistance: These expenses are not covered by Firefly’s protection packages.
Before driving on Iceland’s F-roads, always check that your rental car is approved for your planned route and understand the insurance exclusions.
For more information, read our Firefly Iceland insurance and protection information before booking your 4×4 rental in Iceland.
Are Iceland’s F-Roads Worth Visiting?
Absolutely, for travellers who enjoy remote landscapes and are properly prepared.
The Icelandic Highlands offer a completely different experience from the country’s popular coastal routes.
You can discover colourful mountains, volcanic landscapes, geothermal areas, and vast open spaces that many visitors never get to see.
However, F-road driving isn’t suitable for everyone.
If you’re uncomfortable driving on rough gravel roads or dealing with unpredictable conditions, there’s nothing wrong with choosing a guided Highland tour.
You can also enjoy an incredible Iceland road trip without entering the Highlands. The Ring Road, Golden Circle, and South Coast offer countless beautiful destinations accessible without F-road driving.
The most important thing is choosing an adventure that suits your experience, vehicle, and travel plans.
Frequently Asked Questions About Iceland’s F-Roads
- What are F-roads in Iceland?
F-roads are mountain roads that provide access to Iceland’s Highlands and other remote areas. They often feature rough gravel surfaces, limited services, and sometimes unbridged river crossings.
- Do you need a 4×4 for F-roads in Iceland?
Yes. A suitable 4×4 vehicle is required for designated F-roads. Not all 4×4 rental vehicles are permitted on every route, so check your rental agreement before travelling.
- When do F-roads open in Iceland?
Most F-roads open during June or July and close again in autumn, depending on weather and road conditions. There are no fixed opening dates.
- Can you drive F-roads in Iceland in winter?
Most F-roads are closed during winter and are not suitable for regular rental vehicles. Never drive onto a closed mountain road.
- Can you drive a 2WD rental car on F-roads?
No. Regular 2WD rental vehicles are not permitted on designated F-roads. If you’re planning a Highland trip, choose an approved 4×4 rental vehicle.
- Does rental car insurance cover river crossings?
Water damage from river crossings is generally excluded from rental car insurance in Iceland. Always check your rental agreement, and avoid crossing rivers when conditions are uncertain.
- Is F-road driving the same as off-road driving?
No. Driving on an open, designated F-road is not considered off-road driving. Driving outside marked roads is illegal in Iceland.
- Can you drive to Landmannalaugar in a rental car?
Yes, during the summer when access roads are open, provided your rental vehicle is suitable and approved for the route. Check the specific approach road and any river crossings before travelling.
- Where can I find an Iceland F-road map?
You can find official Highland road conditions and road information at umferdin.is. Always check the latest information before setting off.
- Can I find a cheap 4×4 rental in Iceland?
Yes. Budget car rental companies such as Firefly Iceland offer affordable rental options. Firefly’s older, well-maintained vehicles help keep rental prices lower. If you plan to visit the Highlands, confirm that your chosen 4×4 is approved for your intended F-road route.
Conclusion: Explore Iceland’s F-Roads With the Right Preparation
Iceland’s F-roads offer the opportunity to discover some of the country’s most extraordinary landscapes, from colorful mountains and volcanic valleys to remote geothermal areas.
However, driving in the Icelandic Highlands requires careful planning, a suitable 4×4 vehicle, and an understanding of the challenges involved.
Always check road conditions, respect seasonal closures, and confirm that your rental car is approved for your planned route.
If you’re looking for cheap car rental in Iceland, Firefly Iceland offers affordable vehicles, including older, well-maintained cars that help keep rental costs down.
Whether you’re planning a summer Highland adventure in an approved 4×4 or exploring Iceland’s popular scenic routes in a 2WD vehicle, choosing the right rental car will help you make the most of your trip.
Explore Firefly Iceland’s affordable rental cars and start planning your Iceland road trip.
